[Download] "Equality with a Vengeance: Female Conscientious Objectors in Pursuit of a Voice and Substantive Gender Equality (Israel)" by Columbia Journal of Gender and Law ~ eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free

📘 Read Now     📥 Download

eBook details

• Title: Equality with a Vengeance: Female Conscientious Objectors in Pursuit of a Voice and Substantive Gender Equality (Israel)
• Author : Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
• Release Date : January 01, 2007
• Genre: Law,Books,Professional & Technical,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 387 KB

Description

In December 2002, Shani Werner, a member of a group of young Israeli women who refused to serve in the military because of their conscientious objection to the occupation of the West Bank and Gaza, wrote an open letter to the other members of her group: When Shani wrote this letter, the phenomenon of women's conscientious objection had not received significant exposure or recognition in Israeli public or legal discourse. Conscientious objection was identified strictly with male draft resistors: conscripts and reservists who refused to serve on grounds of general pacifism or their specific opposition to Israeli policies in the Occupied Territories of the West Bank and Gaza. (2) Furthermore, not only did the Israeli public discussion of draft resistance focus on the refusal of these men and the jail terms they received, but it also created an overlap between conscientious objection as a social and legal phenomenon on the one hand, and the incarceration of the male conscientious objectors on the other. The fact that women also signed the 2001 High School Seniors' Letter (3) and refused to be drafted into the military on grounds of conscience did not penetrate public or media awareness. The public eye also ignored the fact that these women, although not incarcerated for their beliefs, were nonetheless active draft resistors and performed alternative forms of civilian national service. This situation resulted in part from the structure of the Defense Service Law that governs the issue of conscientious objection to military service in Israel. (4) The statute contains separate provisions for dealing with male and female conscientious objectors. Under its terms, women, unlike men, enjoy the explicit right to be exempted from military service on grounds of conscience. Consequently, throughout the past, female conscientious objectors have received exemptions from military service quite easily, whereas similar requests made by men have usually been denied. Moreover, those men who continued to resist the draft were tried before military tribunals and imprisoned. (5)

Ebook Free Online "Equality with a Vengeance: Female Conscientious Objectors in Pursuit of a Voice and Substantive Gender Equality (Israel)" PDF ePub Kindle